Morteza Miri said at the first specialized HSE and passive defense conference of Iran's metropolises in Arak: crisis management is not limited solely to actions taken after an incident occurs; rather, prevention, hazard identification, operational preparedness, and planning for an effective response are interconnected components of this process, and municipalities, due to their direct connection with infrastructure and public services, play an important role in achieving these goals. He added: Markazi Province, with a population of about 1.53 million, is considered one of the country's important industrial hubs, and the concentration of heavy and parent industries there increases the need to pay attention to various crisis scenarios and the continuous preparedness of responsible agencies. The Director General of Crisis Management of Markazi Governorate, referring to the province's position in industrial sectors, continued: Markazi Province ranks first or second in heavy and parent industries, fourth in terms of the number of industrial units, and first in the country in railway industries. This industrial capacity, alongside economic opportunities, also increases the responsibility for more precise planning to prevent incidents and manage their potential consequences. Miri emphasized the role of municipalities in the crisis management cycle, stating: effective preparedness requires identifying operational capacities and limitations, precisely defining responsibilities, coordination among relief and service agencies, and ensuring rapid access of personnel and equipment to the incident site. These measures must be planned before a crisis occurs and continuously evaluated. He added: holding joint drills, updating emergency response plans, improving the skills of operational personnel, and strengthening communication among crisis management, HSE, and passive defense units are among the areas that can enhance the preparedness of the urban management system in dealing with incidents. The Director General of Crisis Management of Markazi Governorate noted: given the diversity of hazards in the province, planning for emergency conditions must be carried out in accordance with the characteristics of each area and the type of threat. Coordination among municipalities, executive agencies, and relief organizations can also prevent duplication of work and provide the basis for more effective use of available resources. Miri concluded by emphasizing: reducing human and financial losses in incidents requires a preventive outlook, continuous preparedness, and operational interaction among all responsible agencies, and municipalities must play an effective role in increasing urban resilience and accelerating the relief process by strengthening their specialized capacities and the preparedness of their personnel.